@Stray Probably another dimension. People in the tower are from different worlds gathered in the tower, So outside the tower would be outside of this dimension, but I'm just guessing. This is the problem with this manhwa, the author isn't taking any time explaining anything in regards to how any of this works. You have different pantheons involved but no explanation about where they come from.
@Stray outer gods meaning outside of reason. We have G**'s with reason gods of fire, gods of life, storms creation. Look at the names of outer gods and the fact they don't have any real forms and you begin to understand. Honestly I'm not confused in the slightest and most things are explained well enough to understand. Use your head a little instead of having everything spoon fed to you.